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Elamipretide (SS-31) is a first-in-class mitochondria-targeted tetrapeptide that binds to cardiolipin in the inner mitochondrial membrane. It was granted FDA Breakthrough Therapy designation for Barth syndrome and is the first cardiolipin-directed therapeutic to reach late-stage clinical trials. It stabilizes mitochondrial structure and improves ATP production.
Selectively accumulates in mitochondria via its dimethyltyrosine residue and binds to cardiolipin, a phospholipid essential for inner mitochondrial membrane integrity. This binding prevents cardiolipin peroxidation, stabilizes respiratory supercomplexes, maintains cristae structure, and improves electron transport chain efficiency — ultimately enhancing ATP synthesis and reducing reactive oxygen species production.
This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice.
The dosing information above is sourced from published research literature and clinical trials. These are not recommendations. Individual responses vary. Always consult a healthcare provider before considering any peptide-based therapy.
SS-31 (Elamipretide) is not FDA-approved. Always consult a licensed healthcare provider before considering any peptide.
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Neurology, 2023
Elamipretide did not meet primary endpoint in MMPOWER-3 for mitochondrial myopathy, but post-hoc analyses suggested benefit in specific genetic subgroups and biomarkers
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No claims of therapeutic efficacy are made for substances that are not FDA-approved for the discussed indications. Research citations reflect published findings and do not imply endorsement.